UEFI

UEFI support is not natively bundled with QEMU, you need to install a external package using your package manager.

You will need to install ovmf package.

Then when running a virtual machine, point to the appropriate (.fd) file.

In most systems, this would be installed in /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd

Installation of OVMF

Debian

sudo apt install ovmf

Arch

sudo pacman -S edk2-ovmf